On the Mechanism of Inhibition of Cytochrome c Oxidase by Nitric Oxide

Alessandro Giuffre, Paolo Sarti, Emilio D'Itri, Gerhard Buse, Tewfik Souliman and Maurizio Brunori J. Biol Chem. 271: 33404-33408, 1996

SUMMARY: The mechanism of inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase by NO has been investigated by stopped-flow spectroscopy and singular value decomposition analysis. Following the time course of cyt. c oxidation at different O2/NO ratios, we observed that the onset of inhibition: (i) is fast and at at high [NO] is complete during the first turnover; (ii) is sensitive to the O2/NO ratio; and (iii) is independent of incubation time of the oxidized enzyme with NO. Analysis of the reaction kinetics and computer simulations support the conclusion that inhibition occurs via (preferential) binding of NO to a turnover intermediate with a partially reduced cyt. a3-CuB binuclear center. The inhibited enzyme has the optical spectrum typical of NO bound to reduced cyt. a3. Reversal of inhibition in the presence of O2 does not involve a direct reaction of O2 with NO while bound at the binuclear center, since recovery of activity occurs at the rate of NO dissociation (0.13 sec-1), as determined in the absence of NO using hemoglobin as a NO scavenger. We propose that removal of NO from the medium is associated with the reactivity of the enzyme via a relatively fast thermal dissociation of NO from the reduced a3-CuB center (followed b reaction with O2).